Gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus controls the secretion of the gonadotropins, follicle-stimulating hormone FSH , and LH from the anterior pituitary.
The menstrual cycle is divided by a midcycle surge of both FSH and LH into a follicular phase and a luteal phase. For boys there is no proven relationship between puberty onset and body weight or ethnic origin.
Progression through Tanner stages is variable. Tanner stage V adult should be reached by age There is evidence that it may occur up to 1 year earlier in obese girls and in African American girls. During perimenopause, hormone tests are generally not helpful because hormone levels change throughout the menstrual cycle.
Sometimes testing is done to check specific hormone levels, especially to evaluate fertility problems or when periods stop at an early age. This can help women make decisions about beginning or adjusting treatment.
For some women, it may make sense to test for other causes of symptoms that can mimic perimenopause, such as thyroid disease. Salivary hormone level tests are expensive, are not accurate, and should not be used to evaluate or treat menopause symptoms. Sometimes, elevated follicle-stimulating hormone FSH levels are measured to confirm menopause. However, a single FSH level can be misleading in perimenopause because estrogen production does not fall at a steady rate from day to day.
It often causes infertility. If you are a woman, low FSH levels may mean: Your ovaries are not making enough eggs. Your pituitary gland is not working correctly. You have a problem with your hypothalamus, a part of the brain that controls the pituitary gland and other important body functions. You are very underweight. If you are a man, high FSH levels may mean: Your testicles have been damaged due to chemotherapy , radiation, infection, or alcohol abuse.
You have Klinefelter syndrome , a genetic disorder affects sexual development in males. If this is happening before age 9 in a girl or before age 10 in a boy precocious puberty , it may be a sign of: A disorder of the central nervous system A brain injury Low FSH and luteinizing hormone levels in children may be a sign of delayed puberty. Delayed puberty may be caused by: A disorder of the ovaries or testicles Turner syndrome in girls Klinefelter syndrome in boys An infection A hormone deficiency An eating disorder If you have questions about your results or your child's results, talk to your health care provider.
Is there anything else I need to know about an FSH levels test? References FDA: U. Food and Drug Administration [Internet]. Silver Spring MD : U. Hormone Health Network [Internet]. Endocrine Society; c Delayed Puberty; [updated May; cited Aug 6]; [about 2 screens]. Pituitary Gland; [updated Jan; cited Aug 6]; [about 3 screens].
Precocious Puberty; [cited Aug 6]; [about 2 screens]. Washington D. Infertility; [updated Nov 27; cited Aug 6]; [about 2 screens].
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; [updated Jul 29; cited Aug 6]; [about 2 screens]. Turner Syndrome; [updated Jul 10; cited Aug 6]; [about 3 screens]. Bethesda MD : U. This article reviews 12 actions you can take to help your hormones function optimally.
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