Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are the 2 main kinds of dialysis. Both types of dialysis filter unwanted waste from your bloodstream. Depending on which type of dialysis you choose, you may also have options for treating in a center or at home. Hemodialysis Hemodialysis filters your blood through a dialysis machine. Once you are connected to the machine via your hemodialysis access , blood flows into the machine, gets filtered and is returned to your body.
There is a choice in where you do hemodialysis and who performs the treatment. In-center hemodialysis is performed by a trained team of nurses and technicians. At-home hemodialysis can be performed in the comfort of your own home, either with the help of a care partner or on your own. See how hemodialysis machines work. Peritoneal dialysis Peritoneal dialysis uses the blood vessels in the lining of your abdomen—the body's natural filter—along with a solution called dialysate to filter blood via a peritoneal catheter.
With this method, blood never leaves your body. Peritoneal dialysis can be done with a machine or manually at home, at work or even while traveling. See how peritoneal dialysis machines work. Dialysis treatment is prescribed by your doctor. Together, you and your doctor will discuss treatment options and determine what's right for you. Dialysis helps to remove waste products and extra fluid from the blood. If you choose to go on dialysis, it usually is performed for the rest of your life up until the point you receive a transplant.
If you decide dialysis isn't the right option for you, you may elect for comprehensive conservative care. While you're on dialysis, it's an ongoing process, and it's important that you don't miss a session. This may mean that you have to make adjustments to your work and home life, although there are home treatments available.
Haemodialysis can be done at home or in a specialised centre. It's done at least three times a week and lasts four to five hours. It can also be done overnight. During haemodialysis, needles are used to access your blood. Your blood is taken through a special filter called a dialyser, which cleans the blood. The clean blood is then returned to your body. The extra water and waste products, you don't need, travel from your blood through the dialyser and go down the drain.
Peritoneal dialysis is currently used by nearly 20 per cent of people who are on dialysis. Many find that peritoneal dialysis can be incorporated well into most lifestyles. Peritoneal dialysis can be done either during the day or overnight. Daytime sessions are usually done three, four or five times within a hour period. During peritoneal dialysis, a tube catheter is placed in the stomach. Blood passes along the tube and into an external machine that filters it, before it's passed back into the arm along another tube.
At dialysis centres, this is usually carried out 3 days a week, with each session lasting around 4 hours. It can also be done at home.
Some examples of a home dialysis schedule include:. Peritoneal dialysis uses the inside lining of your abdomen the peritoneum as the filter, rather than a machine. Like the kidneys, the peritoneum contains thousands of tiny blood vessels, making it a useful filtering device. Before treatment starts, a cut incision is made near your belly button and a thin tube called a catheter is inserted through the incision and into the space inside your abdomen the peritoneal cavity.
This is left in place permanently. Fluid is pumped into the peritoneal cavity through the catheter. As blood passes through the blood vessels lining the peritoneal cavity, waste products and excess fluid are drawn out of the blood and into the dialysis fluid. The used fluid is drained into a bag a few hours later and replaced with fresh fluid. Changing the fluid usually takes about 30 to 40 minutes and normally needs to be repeated around 4 times a day. Read more about how dialysis is performed.
In many cases, you'll be able to choose which type of dialysis you want to have and where to have it.
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